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Thursday, 21 June 2012

1) Shortcut keys ABCs

Shortcut keys help provide an easier and usually quicker method of navigating and using computer software programs. Shortcut keys are commonly accessed by using the Alt (on IBM compatible computers), command key (on Apple computers), Ctrl, or Shift in conjunction with a single letter. The de facto standard for listing a shortcut is listing the modifier key, a plus symbol, and the singlecharacter. In other words, "ALT+S" is telling you to press the Alt key and while continuing to hold the Alt key, press the S key to perform the shortcut.
In addition to the shortcuts listed on this page, users can find the shortcut keys to their most popular program by looking forunderlined letters in their menus. For example, in the picture to the right you'll can notice that the "F" in File has been underlined. This means you can press the Alt key and F to access the File menu. Note: Some programs require the user press and hold ALT to see the underlined characters. Finally, as can also be seen some of the common features such as Open (Ctrl+O) and Save (Ctrl+S) have shortcut keys assigned to them.
As you begin to memorize shortcut keys, you'll notice that many applications share the same shortcut keys. We have the most commonly shared shortcut keys in the below basic PC shortcut keys section.
Tip: Users outside the United States or users using a foreign copy of a Microsoft Windows or Microsoft application may not be able to get all the below shortcut keys to perform the function listed below.

2)Basic PC shortcut keys

The below basic shortcut keys are a listing of shortcut keys that will work with almost all IBM compatible computers and software programs. It is highly recommended that all users keep a good reference of the below shortcut keys or try to memorize the below keys. Doing so will dramatically increase your productivity.




3)Unix and Linux shortcut keys

Introduction

Shortcuts are designed to help shorten the time required to perform frequently used commands or actions. In the below sections we have listed keyboard shortcut keys that can be performed by pressing two or more keys at once. In addition to keyboard shortcut keys, we have also listed command line shortcut keys that can be typed in at the shell.
Tip: Not all of the below shortcut keys and command line shortcuts will not work on all variants of Unix and Linux.

Keyboard shortcut keys

CTRL + B
Moves the cursor backward one character.
CTRL + C
Cancels the currently running command.
CTRL + D
Logs out of the current session.
CTRL + F
Moves the cursor forward one character.
CTRL + H
Erase one character. Similar to pressing backspace.
CTRL + P
Paste previous line(s).
CTRL + S
Stops all output on screen (XOFF).
CTRL + Q
Turns all output stopped on screen back on (XON).
CTRL + U
Erases the complete line.
CTRL + W
Deletes the last word typed in. For example, if you typed 'mv file1 file2' this shortcut would delete file2.
CTRL + Z
Cancels current operation, moves back a directory or takes the current operation and moves it to the background. Seebg command for additional information about background.

Command line shortcuts

In addition to the below command line shortcuts, it is also helpful to use the alias command that allows you to specify a keyword for frequently used commands or mistakes.

~
Moves to the user's home directory.
!!
Repeats the line last entered at the shell. See historycommand for previous commands.
!$
Repeats the last argument for the command last used. Seehistory command for previous commands.
reset
Resets the terminal if terminal screen is not displaying correctly.
shutdown -h now
Remotely or locally shuts the system down.


4)Microsoft Windows shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major Windows shortcut keys and the versions of Microsoft Windows they are supported in. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys or the how to navigate Windows using a keyboard page for steps on using the keyboard to navigate Windows.

Shortcut Keys
3.x
9x
ME
NT
2K
XP
Vista
7
Description
Alt + Tab
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Switch between open applications.
Alt + Shift + Tab
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Switch backwards between open applications.
Alt + double-click
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Display the properties of the object you double-click on. For example, doing this on a file would display its properties.
Ctrl + Tab
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Switches between program groups or document windows in applications that support this feature.
Ctrl + Shift + Tab
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Same as above but backwards.
Alt + Print Screen
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Create a screen shotonly for the program you are currently in.
Ctrl + Print Screen




X
X
X
X
Creates a screen shot of the entire screen
Ctrl + Alt + Del
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reboot the computer and brings up the Windows task manager.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc




X
X
X
X
Immediately bring up the Windows task manager.
Ctrl + Esc
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Bring up the Windows Startmenu. In Windows 3.x this would bring up the Task Manager.
Alt + Esc
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Switch Between open applications on taskbar.
F1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Activates help for current open application.
F2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Renames selected Icon.
F3
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Starts find from desktop.
F4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Opens the drive selection when browsing.
F5
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Refresh Contents to where you were on the page.
Ctrl + F5






X
X
Refreshes page to the beginning of the page.
F10
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Activates menu bar.
Shift + F10
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Simulates right-clickon selected item.
F4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Select a different location to browse in the Windows Explorer toolbar.
Alt + F4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Closes Current open program.
Ctrl + F4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Closes Window in Program.
F6
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Move cursor to different Windows Explorer pane.
Alt + Space bar
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Drops down the window control menu.
Ctrl + (the '+' key on thekeypad)
X
X
X
X
X
X
Automatically adjust the widths of all the columns in Windows explorer
Alt + Enter
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Opens properties window of selected icon or program.
Alt + Space bar

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Open the control menu for the current window open.
Shift + Del
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Delete programs/files without throwing them into the recycle bin.
Holding Shift
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Boot Safe Mode or by pass system files as the computer is booting.
Holding Shift
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
When putting in an audio CD, will prevent CD Player from playing.
Enter
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Activates the highlighted program.
Alt + Down arrow
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Display all available options on drop down menu.
* (on thekeypad)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Expands all folders on the currently selected folder or drive in Windows Explorer.
+ (on the keypad)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Expands only the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.
- (on the keypad)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Collapses the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.


5)Windows key keyboard shortcuts

Below is a listing of Windows keys that can be used on computers running a Microsoft Windows operating system and using a keyboard with a Windows key. In the below list of shortcuts, the Windows key is represented by "WINKEY".

Shortcut Keys
Description
WINKEY
Pressing the Windows key alone will open Start.
WINKEY + F1
Opens the Microsoft Windows help and support center.
WINKEY + F3
Opens the Advanced find window in Microsoft Outlook.
WINKEY + D
Brings the desktop to the top of all other windows.
WINKEY + M
Minimizes all windows.
WINKEY + SHIFT + M
Undo the minimize done by WINKEY + M and WINKEY + D.
WINKEY + E
Open Microsoft Explorer.
WINKEY + Tab
Cycle through open programs through the taskbar.
WINKEY + F
Display the Windows Search or Find feature.
WINKEY +CTRL + F
Display the search for computers window.
WINKEY + R
Open the run window.
WINKEY + Pause / Break key
Open the System Properties window.
WINKEY + U
Open Utility Manager.
WINKEY + L
Lock the computer and switch users if needed (Windows XP and above only).
WINKEY + P
Quickly change between monitor display types. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + LEFT ARROW
Shrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the left side for side by side viewing. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + RIGHT ARROW
Shrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the right side for side by side viewing. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + UP ARROW
When in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to full size. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + DOWN ARROW
Minimizes the screen.  Also, when in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to a minimized size. (Windows 7 only)


6)Apple Macintosh shortcut keys

Note that not all of the below shortcut keys will work in all versions of Mac OS.

Open Apple + Down
Opens the selected icon.
Shift + Click
Select the icon and add it to the set of those selected.
Tab
Highlight the next icon inside the folder, in alphabetical order.
Shift + Tab
Highlight the previous icon inside the folder, in alphabetical order.
Left arrow
Used when viewing by icon to select the icon to the left of the one highlighted.
Right arrow
Used when viewing by icon to select icon to the right of the one highlighted.
Up arrow
Used to select the icon above the one currently highlighted.
Down arrow
Used to select the icon below the one currently highlighted.
Open Apple + ?
Mac help
Open Apple + E
Eject
Open Apple + Shift + Up Arrow
Used to direct the input focus to the desktop level.
Open Apple + M
Minimize window
Open Apple + N
New finder window
Open Apple + Shift + N
New folder
Open Apple + W
Close the current window.
Open Apple + C
Copy the elected item to the clipboard.
Open Apple + X
Cut the selected item.
Open Apple + V
Paste item from the clipboard
Open Apple + L
Make alias
Open Apple + R
Show original item
Open Apple + T
Add to favorites
Open Apple + O
Open the selected icon.
Open Apple + F
Display the find dialog box.
Open Apple + G
Repeat the last find operation.
Open Apple + Shift + G
Takes a snapshot of the screen and saves it to a PICT file.

8)Microsoft Excel shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Excel. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.

Shortcut Keys
Description
F2
Edit the selected cell.
F5
Go to a specific cell. For example, C6.
F7
Spell check selected text or document.
F11
Create chart.
Ctrl + Shift + ;
Enter the current time.
Ctrl + ;
Enter the current date.
Alt + Shift + F1
Insert New Worksheet.
Shift + F3
Open the Excel formula window.
Shift + F5
Bring up search box.
Ctrl + A
Select all contents of the worksheet.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + I
Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + K
Insert link.
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + 5
Strikethrough highlighted selection.
Ctrl + P
Bring up the print dialog box to begin printing.
Ctrl + Z
Undo last action.
Ctrl + F9
Minimize current window.
Ctrl + F10
Maximize currently selected window.
Ctrl + F6
Switch between open workbooks or windows.
Ctrl + Page up
Move between Excel work sheets in the same Excel document.
Ctrl + Page down
Move between Excel work sheets in the same Excel document.
Ctrl + Tab
Move between Two or more open Excel files.
Alt + =
Create a formula to sum all of the above cells
Ctrl + '
Insert the value of the above cell into cell currently selected.
Ctrl + Shift + !
Format number in comma format.
Ctrl + Shift + $
Format number in currency format.
Ctrl + Shift + #
Format number in date format.
Ctrl + Shift + %
Format number in percentage format.
Ctrl + Shift + ^
Format number in scientific format.
Ctrl + Shift + @
Format number in time format.
Ctrl + Arrow key
Move to next section of text.
Ctrl + Space
Select entire column.
Shift + Space
Select entire row.

9)Microsoft Word shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Word. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.

Shortcut Keys
Description
Ctrl + 0
Adds or removes 6pts of spacing before a paragraph.
Ctrl + A
Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C
Copy selected text.
Ctrl + E
Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + F
Open find box.
Ctrl + I
Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + J
Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen.
Ctrl + K
Insert link.
Ctrl + L
Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + M
Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + P
Open the print window.
Ctrl + R
Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
Ctrl + T
Create a hanging indent.
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V
Ctrl + X
Cut selected text.
Ctrl + Y
Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z
Undo last action.
Ctrl + Shift + L
Quickly create a bullet point.
Ctrl + Shift + F
Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + >
Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ]
Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + <
Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font by +2pt.
Ctrl + [
Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + / + c
Insert a cent sign (¢).
Ctrl + ' + <char>
Insert a character with an accent (grave) mark, where <char> is the character you want. For example, if you wanted an accented è you would use Ctrl + ' + e as your shortcut key. To reverse the accent mark use the opposite accent mark, often on the tilde key.
Ctrl + Shift + *
View or hide non printing characters.
Ctrl + <left arrow>
Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + <right arrow>
Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + <up arrow>
Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
Ctrl + <down arrow>
Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + Del
Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl + Backspace
Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + End
Moves the cursor to the end of the document.
Ctrl + Home
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.
Ctrl + Spacebar
Reset highlighted text to the default font.
Ctrl + 1
Single-space lines.
Ctrl + 2
Double-space lines.
Ctrl + 5
1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Alt + 1
Changes text to heading 1.
Ctrl + Alt + 2
Changes text to heading 2.
Ctrl + Alt + 3
Changes text to heading 3.
Alt + Ctrl + F2
Open new document.
Ctrl + F1
Open the Task Pane.
Ctrl + F2
Display the print preview.
Ctrl + Shift + >
Increases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + <
Decreases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + F6
Opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
Ctrl + Shift + F12
Prints the document.
F1
Open Help.
F4
Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
F5
Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
F7
Spellcheck and grammar check selected text or document.
F12
Save as.
Shift + F3
Change the text in Microsoft Word from uppercaseto lowercase or a capital letter at the beginning of every word.
Shift + F7
Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
Shift + F12
Save.
Shift + Enter
Create a soft break instead of a new paragraph.
Shift + Insert
Paste.
Shift + Alt + D
Insert the current date.
Shift + Alt + T
Insert the current time.

In addition to the above shortcut keys users can also use their mouse as a method of quickly do something commonly performed. Below some are examples of mouse shortcuts.

Mouse shortcuts
Description
Click, hold, and drag
Selects text from where you click and hold to the point you drag and let go.
Double-click
If double-click a word, selects the complete word.
Double-click
Double-clicking on the left, center, or right of a blank line will make the alignment of the text left, center, or right aligned.
Double-click
Double-clicking anywhere after text on a line will set a tab stop.
Triple-click
Selects the line or paragraph of the text the mouse triple-clicked.
Ctrl + Mouse wheel
Zooms in and out of document.


10)Internet Explorer shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Internet Explorer. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.

Shortcut Keys
Description
Alt + Left Arrow
Back a page.
Backspace
Back a page.
Alt + Right Arrow
Forward a page.
F5
Refresh current page, frame, or tab.
F11
Display the current website in full screen mode. Pressing F11 again will exit this mode.
Esc
Stop page or download from loading.
Ctrl + (- or +)
Increase or decrease the font size, pressing '-' will decrease and '+' will increase.
Ctrl + Enter
Quickly complete an address. For example, type computerhope in the address bar and press CTRL + ENTER to get http://www.computerhope.com.
Ctrl + D
Add a Favorite for the page currently opened.
Ctrl + I
Display available bookmarks.
Ctrl + N
Open New browser window.
Ctrl + P
Print current page or frame.
Ctrl + T
Opens a new tab.
Ctrl + F4
Closes the currently selected tab.
Ctrl + Tab
Moves through each of the open tabs.
Spacebar
Moves down a page at a time.
Shift + Spacebar
Moves up a page at a time.
Alt + Down arrow
Display all previous text entered in a text box or available options on drop down menu.
Alt + D
Highlights the text in the address bar


11)Microsoft FrontPage shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft FrontPage. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs

 Shortcut Keys
Description
Ctrl + C
Copy selected text.
Ctrl + X
Cut selected text.
Ctrl + P
Paste selected text.
Ctrl + K
Create a hyperlink.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + I
Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + L
Left align the text.
Ctrl + R
Right align the text.
Ctrl + E
Center the text.
Ctrl + /
Turn on or off the display of HTML tags.
Ctrl + S
Save document.
Ctrl + Tab
Switch between open web pages.
Ctrl + Ins
Enter Line break.
Ctrl + Enter
Move cursor above or below a table.
Ctrl + Shift + B
Preview in web browser window.
Ctrl + Shift + <
Decrease font size.
Ctrl + Shift + >
Increase font size.
Ctrl + Del
Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl + Backspace
Deletes word to left of cursor.
Alt + mousedouble-click
View the properties of a selected item. For example, doing this on a table cell would display the properties for that cell.

12)Microsoft Outlook shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Outlook. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.

Shortcut Keys
Description
Alt + S
Send the e-mail
Ctrl + Enter
Send the e-mail you're composing.
Ctrl + C
Copy selected text.
Ctrl + X
Cut selected text.
Ctrl + P
Print selected text.
Ctrl + K
Complete the name or e-mail being typed in the e-mail address bar.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection
Ctrl + I
Italic highlighted selection
Ctrl + M
Send and receive all
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection
Ctrl + R
Reply to an e-mail.
Ctrl + F
Forward an e-mail.
Ctrl + N
Create a new e-mail.
Ctrl + Y
Go to folder.
Ctrl + Shift + A
Create a new appointment to your calendar.
Ctrl + Shift + O
Open the Outbox.
Ctrl + Shift + I
Open the Inbox.
Ctrl + Shift + K
Add a new task.
Ctrl + Shift + C
Create a new contact.
Ctrl + Shift + J
Create a new journal entry.
Ctrl + Shift + V
Move folder.

13)Mozilla Firefox shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Mozilla Firefox. See the computer shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.

Shortcut Keys
Description
Alt + Home
Go to home page.
Alt + Left Arrow
Back a page.
Backspace
Back a page.
Alt + Right Arrow
Forward a page.
F5
Refresh current page, frame, or tab.
F11
Display the current website in full screen mode. Pressing F11 again will exit this mode.
Esc
Stop page or download from loading.
Ctrl + (- or +)
Increase or decrease the font size, pressing '-' will decrease and '+' will increase.
Ctrl + Enter
Quickly complete an address. For example, type computerhope in the address bar and press CTRL + ENTER to get http://www.computerhope.com.
Shift + Enter
Complete a .net instead of a .com address.
Ctrl + Shift + Enter
Complete a .org address.
Ctrl + Shift + Del
Open the Clear Data window to quickly clear private data.
Ctrl + D
Add a bookmark for the page currently opened.
Ctrl + I
Display available bookmarks.
Ctrl + J
Display the download window.
Ctrl + N
Open New browser window.
Ctrl + P
Print current page or frame.
Ctrl + T
Opens a new tab.
Ctrl + F4 or Ctrl + W
Closes the currently selected tab.
Ctrl + Shift + T
Undo the close of a window.
Ctrl + Tab
Moves through each of the open tabs.
Spacebar
Moves down a page at a time.
Shift + Spacebar
Moves up a page at a time.
Alt + Down arrow
Display all previous text entered in a text box and available options on drop down menu.

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